Periodontal Disease

Risk Factors

Smoking / Tobacco Use

Tobacco users are more likely to get periodontal diseases and suffer from the more severe forms. Also, healing following therapy may take more time and may be less predictable.

Systemic Diseases

Diseases that interfere with the body's immune system may worsen the condition of the gums.

Diabetes

Periodontal disease can be more severe in uncontrolled diabetics. In addition, untreated periodontal disease can make it harder for diabetics to keep their diabetes under control.

Stress

High stress levels can make it more difficult for the body to fight off infection, including periodontal diseases.

Clenching or Grinding Your Teeth

These habits can put excessive force on the supporting tissues of the teeth and could speed up the rate at which these tissues are destroyed.

Medications

Some drugs, such as oral contraceptives, antidepressants, blood pressure medications and certain heart medicines, can affect oral health.

Poor Nutrition

A diet low in important nutrients also can make it harder for the body to fight off infection.

Pregnancy and Puberty

Some hormonal changes can cause the gums to become red and tender, and to bleed easily. Pre-existing periodontal diseases can become more severe during times of significant hormonal fluctuation.